TEACHING PRACTICE EXPERIENCE

Teaching practice period is an interesting and a variety experience in my life.It is a period of two and half months experience.I got the the school St.Thomas H.S.S,Karthikappally for my teaching practice experience.I along with fourteen students went to St.Thomas H.S.S,Karthikappally.Biji Abraham Sir is the principal of the school.I got the charge of 8B students.

HISTORY OF THE SCHOOL

St. Thomas School, located to the West of Karthikapally junction was established in the year 1919. The high school was established in the year 1957 while Higher Secondary School came in to being in the year 2014. The patron Saint of the institution is St. Thomas Apostle and the patron is H. H Baselios Marthoma Paulose II. The school is managed by Catholicate and M. D Schools Corporate. The manager is H.G Mathews Mar Theodosious and The Head Master is Mr. Biji Abraham.

                                             The High School alone has 1461 students of which 968 are boys and 493 are girls. The HSS, established in 2014 has 48 students; 34 boys and 14 girls. There is only commerce branch in the HSS. The School has 12 divisions in UP and 22 in HS. Around 50 teaching staff provide educational facilities to the students.

PTA

The PTA in St. Thomas School is very active and meets on a regular basis. They carry out many activities in the school. The PTA president is Sri. Kuruvila Koshy and the Vice President is Smt. Shyamala Satheesan. The PTA plays a major role in the developmental activities of the school.

School Discipline

Time	Period
9.25 am	Warning bell
9.35 am	1st bell
9.40 am	2nd bell (Assembly on Tuesdays and Thursdays)
9.42 am	Prayer bell
9.45 am- 10.30 am	1st period
10.30 am – 11.15 am	2nd period
11.15 am – 11.25 am	First interval
11.25 am – 12.05 pm	3rd period
12.05 pm – 12.45 pm	4th period
12.45 pm-1.20 pm	Lunch break
1.20 pm	Warning Bell
1.30 pm	1st bell
1.35 pm	2nd bell
1.40 pm – 2.20 pm	5th period
2.20p pm - 3.00 pm	6th period
3.00 pm – 3.05 pm	Second Interval
3.05 pm – 3.40 pm	7th period
3.40 pm	National anthem

Leave

The students are supposed to inform earlier and submit a leave letter to the class teacher if they planning to take leave. In case absenteeism is unexpected they have to fill  up the leave form in the school diary and submit it to the class teacher.

Usage of Gold

The students are not allowed to wear golden ornaments to school.

Cleanliness

The school authorities take good care of proper disposal of waste. The students are always monitored over the maintenance of cleanliness. During the lunch break we could see the principal walking around to find students throwing around paper bits and food waste. This is a major initiative from the side of the Head Master towards the maintenance of school discipline.

Uniform

Boys: White half sleeve shirt with ash stripes, ash coloured pants and belt.

Girls: White half sleeve top with ash stripes, ash pants and ash overcoat.

Identity card is a must.

               

Contributions of the school towards students’ personality development

Various activities are held throughout the academic year towards the improvement of students’ personality. Moral classes are conducted by MGOCSM on every Friday afternoon in the parish hall. The organisation also conducts various competitions for students. Two of our fellow teacher trainees were judges to a music and elocution competition conducted by MGOCSM.

Class discussions, seminars and elocutions are held in every subject classes. This has inspired students towards participating in youth festival and winning prizes. These activities are also a part of Comprehensive and Continuous Evaluation (CCE).

The students actively participate in science, maths, work experience and other subject exhibitions in the school, sub district, district and state level. In this academic year St. Thomas School won the first place in various exhibitions conducted in the sub- district level.

Though Sanchayika program is not active the school ensures active student participation in Deepika Balajanasakhyam and Vidyarangam Kala Sahithyavedi. Three students secured A+ and cash award for Deepika Balajanasakhyam this year. In the sub-district level St. Thomas achieved first place for ensuring the participation of maximum number of students.

The student Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of Alappuzha district is from this school. Abin Jacob Mathew of 10 A is the PM and Aditya Varsha of 7A is the Deputy PM. Students have shown their intellectual talent in various talent search examinations. 3 students secured prizes in the Balasahitya Congress this year. Shankaranarayanan of 9A secured Victor Scholarship and second place in Social talent search examination this year.

Though the school doesn’t have a band troupe, the music club is very active. This led to securing 2^nd place in various items in the district level competitions. St. Thomas School students is an inevitable presence at youth festivals and sports meets. They secured 1^st position in sub-district and 5^th in district level. Students appeared at the state level for 3 items and secured A grade for Parichamuttu. The students of this school ensured their presence at sports meet in the sub-district, district and zonal level. The items the students participated include Shuttle Badminton, Football, Volleyball and Athletics.

                                           

Besides participating in sports and art events the students of this school have made appreciable presence in social service. There are active participants in junior Red Cross, scouts and guides, and health and first aid. Classes on health and first aid are conducted for the students. The school had recently won Fitness Award.

The retired teachers of the school have installed endowments for meritorious students. There are around 13 such endowments for 9^th and 10^th standard students. Alumni Association of the school is also very active a. they meet regularly and make valuable contributions towards the development of the school.

Conduct of Examinations

The overall charge of examinations is in the hands of senior teachers. Examinations in an academic year consist of unit test, monthly test, term and final exams. Internal evaluations in the form of assignments, projects and seminars are also conducted in the classes. Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation is followed in the school.

The school development committee is very active while the School maintenance is done by the management.

Infrastructural facilities

The computer lab consists of sixteen computers and a printer. It classes are held twice weekly –one lab session and one practical. Usually the subject teachers handle the IT classes. The students are evaluated on their technical skills twice in an academic year; i.e. in October and March.  Thirty marks out of 50 is given to evaluate the practical skills, 10 for theory and 10 for continuous assessment. Usually the students are given an online test out of 40.

The smart room also acts as the library due to the unavailability of sufficient space. The resources in the smart room include a projector and laptop. The students are taken to the smart room and are shown various videos. In language classes students are shown dramas. Students get the opportunity to use and learn various softwares. In Maths Geogebra software, Calcium in chemistry, Marble in Geography and Phet in Physics. Students have to learn two chapters each on these. Students of 10^th standard are taught to use the graphic software Ink Scape to draw figures in Biology. They are also taught Database construction and tupi2D animation sofware. On the other hand 8^th and 9^th standard students are taught to create web pages using “kompozer”, circuit construction and Gimp drawing software.

As they learn a number of softwares, the students actively participate in IT related competitions and have brought home various prizes.

Surveys conducted among students revealed that they depend on library and internet for doing their projects and assignments. The school has also ensured the availability of newspapers for students. The school has laboratories for physics, chemistry and biology and students are taken to the labs during allotted hours to do practical. The practical done by students are evaluated under CCE.

       

Toilets and drinking Water

There are 15 urinals and 4 latrines for girls. For boys there is 1 latrine and 12 urinals. Drinking water is sponsored by SBT Haripad branch. The facility is available to the students in front of the school administrative office during working hours.

The students have a big playground, football and volleyball ground, assembly ground and space to temporarily set up shuttle badminton court. Closer to the football ground is the vegetable garden.

The school has spacious parking lots. There are 4 school buses at the service of students in mornings and evenings. Students and teachers have enough sheds to keep their bicycles and two-wheelers respectively.

                     

                                

                FILM ADAPTATION

  

                 When compared with the approximately five hundred year history of printing-press culture, and the thousand year histories of manuscript cultures, the hundred year history of film seems remarkably brief. And yet, despite the relative newness of the technology of the cinema, moving images have quickly become the central conveyors of narrative in our culture. John Harrington explains, "While other art forms have taken centuries to develop, the span of a single lifetime has witnessed the birth and maturity of film.  To understand film, then, it is necessary to understand the way literary expression in particular has informed, extended, shaped, and limited it. Likewise, twentieth century literary expression reveals the influence of the cinema in its structures and styles, themes and motifs, and philosophical preoccupations

By studying literary works of varying types and from various periods and comparing them with films based on them, one is able to recognize the similarities and differences between these two media and discover the literary qualities inherent in almost all cinema. Popular film as we know it is essentially the result of applying the conventions of cinematography to the conventions of fiction (short story, novella, novel) and/or drama. The differences between a novel or play and the movie based on it often arise from the demands placed on the material by the conventions imposed by the art form or by the expectations of an audience concerning that art form. By studying the art of film adaptation we are necessarily forced to make distinctions about the art forms being adapted and doing the adaptations. The course then will focus in nearly equal amounts on literature, film, and the nature of adaptation.

A development occurred in late C19th literature, which attempted to play down the role of the author by doing less 'telling', that is, playing down the use of the authorial voice in describing or explaining what is going on, and instead using scenes which allow characters and their actions to 'speak for themselves', that is, allowing the reader to experience the unfolding of the narrative as if they are witnessing the unfolding of unmediated events.

Novel adaptations

Novels are frequently adapted for films. For the most part, these adaptations attempt either to appeal to an existing commercial audience (the adaptation of best sellers and the "prestige" adaptation of works) or to tap into the innovation and novelty of a less well known author. Inevitably, the question of "faithfulness" arises, and the more high profile the source novel, the more insistent are the questions of fidelity.

Elision and interpolation

In 1924, Erich von Stroheim attempted a literal adaptation of Frank Norris's novel McTeague with his moving picture Greed, and the resulting film was 9½ hours long. It was cut, at studio insistence, to four hours, then without Stroheim's input, cut again to around two hours. The end result was a film that was largely incoherent. Since that time, few directors have attempted to put everything in a novel into a film. Therefore, elision is all but essential.

However, in some cases, film adaptations also interpolate scenes or invent characters. This is especially true when a novel is part of a literary saga. Incidents or quotations from later or earlier novels will be inserted into a single film. Additionally, and far more controversially, film makers will invent new characters or create stories that were not present in the source material at all. Given the anticipated audience for a film, the screenwriter, director, or movie studio may wish to increase character time or to invent new characters. For example, William J. Kennedy's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel Ironweed included a short appearance by a prostitute named Helen. Because the film studio anticipated a female audience for the film and had Meryl Streep for the role, Helen became a significant part of the film. However, characters are also sometimes invented to provide the narrative voice.

As Sergei Eisenstein pointed out in his landmark essay on Charles Dickens, films most readily adapt novels with externalities and physical description: they fare poorly when they attempt the modern novel and any fiction that has internal monologue or, worse, stream of consciousness. When source novels have exposition or digressions from the author's own voice, a film adaptation may create a commenting, chorus-like character to provide what could not be filmed otherwise. Thus, in the adaptation of John Fowles's The French Lieutenant's Woman, the director created a contemporary Englishman in a romance with a woman to offer up the ironic and scholarly voice that Fowles provided in the novel, and the film version of Laurence Sterne's "unfilmable" novel, Tristram Shandy had the main actor speak in his own voice, as an actor, to emulate the narrator's ironic and metafictional voice in the novel. Early on, film makers would rely upon voice-over for a main character's thoughts, but, while some films (e.g. Blade Runner) may self-consciously invoke the older era of film by the use of voice over, such devices have been used less and less with time.

Interpretation as adaptation

There have been several nominees for non-plus ultra of inventive adaptation, including the Roland Joffe adaptation of The Scarlet Letter with explicit sex between Hester Prynn and the minister and Native American obscene puns into a major character and the film's villain. The Charlie Kaufman and "Donald Kaufman" penned Adaptation., credited as an adaptation of the novel The Orchid Thief, was an intentional satire and commentary on the process of film adaptation itself. All of these are cases of Nathaniel Hawthorne's point. The creators of the Gulliver miniseries interpolated a sanity trial to reflect the ongoing scholarly debate over whether or not Gulliver himself is sane at the conclusion of Book IV. In these cases, adaptation is a form of criticism and recreation, as well as translation.

Change in adaptation is essential and practically unavoidable, mandated both by the constraints of time and medium, but how much is always a balance. Some film theorists have argued that a director should be entirely unconcerned with the source, as a novel is a novel, while a film is a film, and the two works of art must be seen as separate entities. Since a transcription of a novel into film is impossible, even holding up a goal of "accuracy" is absurd. Others argue that what a film adaptation does is change to fit (literally, adapt), and the film must be accurate to either the effect (aesthetics) of a novel or the theme of the novel or the message of the novel and that the film maker must introduce changes where necessary to fit the demands of time and to maximize faithfulness along one of these axes.

Theatrical adaptation

Movies sometimes use plays as their sources. William Shakespeare has been called the most popular screenwriter in Hollywood. There are not only film versions of most of Shakespeare's works but also multiple versions of many of the plays.^[3] Numerous spinoffs adapt Shakespeare's plays very loosely (such as West Side Story, Kiss Me, Kate, The Lion King, O, and 10 Things I Hate about You.^[4] Adaptations in languages other than English flourish around the globe, such as Akira Kurosawa's two epic films Throne of Blood (1957) and Ran (1985), and Eric Rohmer's Conte d'hiver (A Tale of Winter, 1992).^[4]

Similarly, hit Broadway plays are frequently adapted, whether from musicals or dramas. On one hand, theatrical adaptation does not involve as many interpolations or elisions as novel adaptation, but on the other, the demands of scenery and possibilities of motion frequently entail changes from one medium to the other. Film critics will often mention if an adapted play has a static camera or emulates a proscenium arch. Laurence Olivier consciously imitated the arch with his Henry V (1944), having the camera begin to move and to use color stock after the prologue, indicating the passage from physical to imaginative space. Sometimes, the adaptive process can continue after one translation. Mel Brooks' The Producers was a film that was adapted into a Broadway musical and then adapted again into a film.

Television adaptation

Feature films are occasionally created from television series or television segments. In these cases, the film will either offer a longer storyline than the usual television program's format or will offer expanded production .In the adaptation of The X-Files to film, for example, greater effects and a longer plotline were involved. Additionally, adaptations of television shows will offer the viewer the opportunity to see the television show's characters without broadcast restrictions. These additions (nudity, profanity, explicit drug use, and explicit violence) are only rarely a featured adaptive addition (film versions of "procedurals" such as Miami Vice are most inclined to such additions as featured adaptations) – South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a notable example of a film being more explicit than its parent TV series.

At the same time, some theatrically released films are adaptations of television miniseries events. When national film boards and state controlled television networks co-exist, film makers can sometimes create very long films for television that they may adapt solely for time for theatrical release. Both Ingmar Bergman(notably with Fanny and Alexander but with other films as well) and Lars von Trier have created long television films that they then recut for international distribution.

Even segments of television series have been adapted into feature films. The American television variety show Saturday Night Live has been the origin of a number of films, beginning with The Blues Brothers, which began as a one-off performance by Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi. The most recent of these Saturday Night Live originated films is a case of double television origin: Fat Albert, which began with an impression of another television show based on the comedy routine of Bill Cosby. Mr Bean was adapted into Bean and the sequel, Mr. Bean's Holiday.

Radio adaptation

Radio narratives have also provided the basis of film adaptation. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, for example, began as a radio series for the BBC and then became a novel that was adapted to film. In the heyday of radio, radio segments, like television segments today, translated to film on several occasions, usually as shorts. Dialog-heavy stories and fantastic stories from radio also adapted to film (e.g. Fibber McGee, Life with Father and Superman, which was a serial on radio before being adapted to film).

Comic book adaptation

Comic book characters, particularly superheroes, have long been adapted into film, beginning in the 1940s with Saturday movie serials aimed at children .Superman (1978) and Batman (1989) are two later successful movie adaptations of famous comic book characters. In the early 2000s, blockbusters such as X-Men (2000) and Spider-Man (2002) have led to dozens of superhero films. The success of these films has also led to other comic books not necessarily about superheroes being adapted for the big screen, such as Ghost World (2001), From Hell (2001), American Splendor (2003), Sin City (2005), 300 (2007), Wanted(2008) and Whiteout (2009).

The adaptation process for comics is different from that of novels. Many successful comic book series last for several decades and have featured several variations of the characters in that time. Films based on such series usually try to capture the back story and “spirit” of the character instead of adapting a particular storyline. Occasionally aspects of the characters and their origins are simplified or modernized.

Self-contained graphic novels, and miniseries many of which do not feature superheroes, can be adapted more directly, such as in the case of Road to Perdition(2002) or V for Vendetta (2006). In particular, Robert Rodriguez did not use a screenplay for Sin City but utilized actual panels from writer/artist Frank Miller's series as storyboards to create what Rodriguez regards as a "translation" rather than an adaptation.

Furthermore, some films based on long-running franchises use particular story lines from the franchise as a basis for a plot. The second X-Men film was loosely based on the graphic novel X-Men: God Loves, Man Kills and the third film on the storyline Dark Phoenix Saga. Spider-Man 2 was based on the storyline Spider-Man No More! Likewise, Batman Begins owes many of its elements to Miller's Batman: Year One and the film's sequel, The Dark Knight, uses subplots from Batman: The Long Halloween.

Video game adaptation

Video games have also been adapted into films, beginning in the early 1980s, although films closely related to the computer and video game industries had been done previously, such as Tron and The Wizard, but only after the release of several films based on well-known brands has this genre become recognized in its own right.

Films based on video games tend to carry a reputation of being lower budgeted B movies and rarely receive the appreciation of either film critics or fans of the games on which they are based. However, a number of films have become successful with general audiences (such as Mortal Kombat, Lara Croft: Tomb Raider,Silent Hill, Resident Evil and Prince of Persia).

REFERENCES

Aragay , Mireia , ed. (2005). Books in Motion: Adaptation, Intertextuality, Authorship. Rodopi. 
 Eisenstein, Sergei. "Dickens, Griffith, and the Film Today." Film Form Dennis Dobson, trans. 1951